In our age of predatory markets and make-believe democracy, our troubled political institutions have lost sight of real people and practical realities. But if you look to the edges, ordinary people are reinventing governance and provisioning on their own terms. The commons is arising as a serious, practical alternative to the corrupt Market/State.
The beauty of commons is that we can build them ourselves, right now. But the bigger challenge is, Can we learn to see the commons and, more importantly, to think like a commoner?
“Every 21st century economic thinker needs to understand the commons, from their fascinating histories to their many future possibilities, and this book provides the perfect introduction. It is the starting point that I recommend to everyone.”
—Kate Raworth, author of Doughnut Economics“In this highly readable overview, David Bollier re-introduces us to the web of social trust and cooperation that existed before capitalism—and that we must reweave if we are to survive. Fortunately, there are innumerable examples of ‘commoning’ around the world, where groups of social innovators are finding ways to create an open-access, sustainable, vibrant future.”
—Richard Heinberg, author of POWER; Senior Fellow, Post Carbon Institute“David Bollier, the doyen of today’s champions of the commons, has written the definitive primer. The commons is inexorably moving to the forefront of progressive thinking and action. Quite simply, without a commons revival, there is no future.”
—Guy Standing, author of The Blue Commons
“We don’t live alone in the world, but it’s organized in ways that push us apart. Think Like a Commoner restores those relationships—with place, as well as with each other. In place of passive anxiety, these pages are filled with meaningful acts of care—as already practiced by grassroots communities across the world.”
—John Thackara, author, convenor, educator
“In Think Like a Commoner, David Bollier, the trailblazing commons thinker and activist, has formulated the economic principles of an animate universe. He manages the rare task of both sketching a bold new economic cosmology and detailing the filigree of its practical applications. The intrigued reader comes to understand: Not only is reality as such a commons, centered around the reciprocity of the gift of life, so are the bulk of our cultural practices and many systems of material and social exchange. The commons, it turns out, are what underlies everything and what ultimately fulfills our deepest longings.”
—Dr. Andreas Weber, biologist, philosopher, and author of The Biology of Wonder and Matter and Desire
"Curious about the commons and eager to build a new world? You could not find a more accessible, inspiring guidebook than Think Like a Commoner. It’s a penetrating history of commoners fighting market enclosures and a survey of innovative new forms of commoning now spreading across the world. Drawing on three decades of work as an activist-scholar, Bollier identifies key challenges facing commoners and provides useful strategies and resources for expanding the Commonsverse. Highly recommended!"
—Susan Witt, Cofounder and Executive Director, Schumacher Center for a New Economics
“Since the first publication of David Bollier’s earlier version of Think Like a Commoner in 2014, I have consistently used in in classes I teach at my university. I know of no work that so gracefully presents commons history, the many types of commons that exist in our world, and key issues they face. This book should be required reading—not just for all students—but for every person on the planet, to allow them to rediscover ideas they may have forgotten, introduce new ones, and become inspired toward collectively generating a better world, one commoning instance at a time.”
—Charlie Schweik, Professor at the University of Massachusetts, Amherst and the President of the International Association for the Study of the Commons (2022–2024)
"This book opened worlds to me that I have spent all the years since exploring. The new edition once again crystallizes, better than anything I know, where we are in this collective journey of discovering and rediscovering ourselves as commoners."
—Nathan Schneider, author of Governable Spaces: Democratic Design for Online Life
"With nature financialized, the commons securitized, people individualized, sharing criminalized, and life’s work commodified, David Bollier, like a gallant knight of old, wields a muck-raker’s lance and carries a social scientist’s shield on behalf of the “republic of the commons.” His introduction is supple, generous, comprehensive, colloquial, kind, and clear. Privatizers beware for here truth will out, and error be uprooted."
—Peter Linebaugh, author of Red Round Globe Hot Burning
"Hidden beneath the norms of markets and states lies another way for people to live and work together—one that’s radically different from conventional practice and yet fundamentally attuned to core human values. As Bollier illuminates in this wide-ranging and penetrating book, this is the way of the commoner. Bollier shows how the commons are all around us—in cities, technology, agriculture, art, and education—even when they’re not ordinarily recognized as such. By making the invisible become visible, this landmark book lays out a comprehensive framework for a parallel polis: how we might reorient our society around a way of commoning that sets the conditions for collective human flourishing."
—Jeremy Lent, Author, The Patterning Instinct and The Web of Meaning
"If, like me, you are deeply bothered by the incessant erosion of community life, collective forms of care for each other and our natural environment and the colonization of our life worlds by private gain, read this brilliant book. David Bollier not only sharply dissects many of the ills haunting contemporary capitalist societies, as one of the most pre-eminent thinkers and advocates of the commons, he demonstrates that the ideas, tool and practices to build a different, better world for everyone are all around us. Pick up this hopeful book, start commoning, and ‘intensify and diversify’ the many commons you are already part of to the next level!"
—Bram Buscher, professor, chair of the sociology of development and change group, Wageningen University, and co-author, The Conservation Revolution
"As we grapple with collapsing ecosystems, savage inequalities, and much else, it’s time to realize that practical options are already at hand. A rich world of possibilities can be found in the commons—a re-emerging social form that is quietly reinventing political economies and cultures worldwide. In this wise, compelling book, Think Like a Commoner, David Bollier explains how the deep relationality of commoning is helping people meet important needs themselves, directly, while developing new ways of being in the world."
—Jonathan F.P. Rose, author, The Well Tempered City; Founder, Jonathan Rose Companies; and Co-Founder, the Garrison Institute
"This is an excellent book that deserves to be read from cover to cover. If we cannot rely on corporations, the market, or government to solve the social, economic, and environmental problems of the twenty-first century, then where else should we look? In Think like a Commoner, David Bollier makes a passionate and compelling case for massively expanding the commons, an effective and just organizing structure with a long history and widespread, if unrecognized, presence in the world today. Bollier draws on history, philosophy, law, anthropology, ecology, economics and more to show a way to a fairer and genuinely democratic future that is built on reciprocal relationships with all of nature."
—Peter A. Victor, Professor Emeritus, York University, author of Escape from Overshoot: Economics for a Planet in Peril
Preface to the Second Edition
Introduction
1. The Rediscovery of the Commons
PART I. ENCLOSURE, DISPOSSESSION, AND THE ECLIPSE OF COMMONING
2. The Tyranny of the “Tragedy” Myth
3. Enclosures of Nature
4. All That Is Shared Becomes a Market Commodity
PART II. COMMONS AS LIVING, GENERATIVE SYSTEMS
5. Many Galaxies of Commons
6. The Eclipsed History of the Commons
7. The Commons as a Relational Organism
8. Local, Vernacular, and Alive
9. Digital Rebels in the Big Tech Imperium
PART III. EXPANDING THE COMMONSVERSE
10. Relationalized Property and Finance
11. Reimagining State Power
Conclusion: The Future of the Commons
TOOLS FOR EXPLORING THE COMMONSVERSE
Completely revised and updated, Think Like a Commoner, Second Edition, offers a succinct yet thorough account of the history, current state, and future of the commons.
Working outside of both market capitalism and state power, commoners around the world are building an impressive new social order, drawing on centuries-old traditions, Indigenous practices, and modern folkways. The Commonsverse is a post-growth world powered by peer governance, respectful engagement with the Earth, creative participation, and fairness.
Commons succeed as profoundly relational, social organisms. They’re a life-force driving countless innovations such as relocalized agriculture, land trusts, alternative currencies, open source learning, platform cooperatives, and mutual aid networks. By protecting our shared wealth, they are beacons of practical hope in a world beset by climate change, capitalist enclosures, inequality, and cynicism.
Curious about how we’ll navigate the challenging times ahead? Pull up a chair, relax, and let’s talk about the commons.
Investors today are not just buying up nature, they are turning its revenue flows into financial securities, making enclosures permanent and irrevocable. Pages 51–52.
by Futurilla
David Bollier is an American activist and scholar who studies the commons as a new paradigm for re-imagining economics, politics, and culture. He has been Director of the Reinventing the Commons Program at the Schumacher Center for a New Economics since 2016, and frequently collaborates with an international network of brilliant irregulars. He blogs at Bollier.org, hosts the podcast Frontiers of Commoning, and has written or edited eleven books on various aspects of the commons, including The Commoner’s Catalog for Changemaking (2021); Free, Fair and Alive (2019); Patterns of Commoning (2014); The Wealth of the Commons (2012); Green Governance (2015); and Viral Spiral (2008).
Bollier founded and edited the Onthecommons.org website (2003-2010) before co-founding the Commons Strategies Group (2008-2019), an international project assisting the global commons movement. In 2002 he co-founded Public Knowledge, a Washington advocacy organization advancing the public’s stake in Internet, telecom and copyright policies. The American Academy in Berlin awarded Bollier the Berlin Prize in Public Policy in 2012 for his work on the commons. Bollier now works with various international and domestic partners on timely commons projects. He lives in Amherst, Massachusetts.
Email:
david/at/bollier.org
BlueSky:
@davidbollier.bsky.social
The commons is less about ownership as we usually understand it than about stewardship. Ask indigenous peoples if they “own” the land and they will reply that the land owns them. Pages 83–87.
At this time, Audiobook version (Post Hypnotic Press) and Audible.com are available for the first edition only.
Whenever a community decides it wishes to manage wealth collectively, with a special regard for shared responsibilities, entitlements, and ongoing stability, a commons arises. That’s why commons can appear almost anywhere — and be highly generative in unlikely circumstances. Pages 9–22.
Barn-raising: City of Toronto Archives / Wikimedia Commons CC BY 2.0 License
Solar Commons in Tucson, Arizona, celebrates its autonomous energy system managed as a community trust. Artist, Karlito Espinoza, 2020. Photo used with permission of Solar Commons.
Cecosesola federation of co-ops, Venezuela. “We encourage: The deepening of ethical relationships * The emergence of trusting relationships * The widening of the circle of ‘we’ towards a more and more extended family.”
Int’l Institute for Environment and Development. CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 Int’l Public License
The Commonsverse is a parallel polis that can help us reimagine the world. Its convivial relationships of mutual support and democratic practice help us speak the truth, cultivate wholesome ambitions, and muster the courage to do what is needed. Pages 167–168.
David Bollier at david /at/ bollier.org
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